Window sash lock



Feb. 26, 1935. `H KAUF-MAN 1,992,531

` WINDOW sAsH LOCK Filed OCJL. 4, 1932 INVENTOR Hermanfaufman ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 26, 1935 UNITED STATES PA'rENT AOFFICE.

13 Claims.

VThis invention relates to window sash locks and contemplates the provision of an unobtrusive but ecient key operated device for lockingrthe sashes of a double hung window in either closed or partly closed position;

My invention further contemplates the provision of simple 'and inexpensive looking means free of protuberances and designed to be unlocked only by a tted key, for locking the sashes together, which means is arranged andconcealed preferably in a corner of the lower sash, so that access thereto from the outside of the window is made difficult even though the windowpane is cut by an intruder for the purpose of tampering with the lock.

The various objects of my invention will be clear I from the description which follows, and from the drawing, in which Y Fig. 1 is an elevational inside view of a window to which my invention has been applied. Fig. 2 is a partial top plan view and partial horizontal section of my new lock as it appears.

Fig. 6 is 'a perspective View of certain of the.

lock parts in disassembled position.

Fig. 7 is a topplan View of a modified form of the locking bolt permitting the lock to be locked, but not unlocked without the use of a key.

Fig. 8 is a Vhorizontal section of a modined form of my lock, whereby the sashes are urged apart to bind them in the sash-receiving grooves of the window frame, when the lock is operative.

Fig9 isa perspective viewiof a portion of a sash to which a modified form of bolt-receiving socket has been applied.

In that practical embodiment of my invention which 1 have shown by way of example, the sashes 10 and 11 are shown in Fig. 1 locked together in their closed positions. Either or both of said sashes, however, may be opened to a limited extent, and locked in the partly open position thereof, by means of a suitable key-operated lock, designated generally by the numeral 12. Said lock 12 is suitably secured to and almost entirely concealed in the inner sash 11, and is designed to lock the sashes together. The lock is provided with anv axially movable, suitably grooved and slotted bolt 13, "normally spring-pressed toward its retracted position by the spring 14. The outer end 15 of the bolt, in its extended position, projects outwardly past the inner sash 11 a sufficient distance to enter one of the re-` -5 cesses 16-in the outer sash 10. `I prefer to insert a series of suitable metallic sockets as 17 into the sash 10 to form the walls of the recesses 16, and to prevent undue wear thereon. Said sockets may be secured to the upright rail of the sash, if de- N sired, as by means of peripheral prongs orteeth thereon, or merely forced thereinto by a drive t, or` in any other suitable manner. A sufficient number of vertically aligned sockets or recesses isfprovided to permit the' locking of the sash in -f any one of a number of desired positions, wherein either the upper, or the lower sash, or both, may remain open a predetermined distance. y

As shown in Fig. 9, a continuous metallic strip 13 providedwith spaced openings 19, may be used to replace the individual sockets 17. The strip 18 maybe secured to the rail in any suitable man# ner and by means of the screws 20. In any case, a recess or opening 21 is made in the lowermost' railof the upper sash, to receive the end of the bolt 13, when the sashes are closed, so as to lock the window against being opened.

One of the features of my invention is lthe use of key means for controlling the bolt 13, whereby the sashes cannot be unlocked except by `the prop-Y' er key. By this means, it avails an intrudernothing to cut out part of the Window pane to obtain access to 'the lock, as issometimes done toopen windows Alocked by the hand-operated window locks in common use'. 35"

Another feature of my invention is the provision of locking means adapted to be set almost entirely into the inner sash, whereby protruding parts, likely to interfere with the operation of the window, are eliminated, and the operating parts concealed. Still another feature is the arrangement of the locking means at a corner of the sash, out of the way, and while easily accessible fromthe inside, quitev inaccessible from'the outside, even if the window pane is cut forthis purpose. Y v

Toward these ends, a lock-receiving opening 22y is made at the upper right cornerl ofthe lower sash 11 .(as' viewed from the inside). Saidopen-v ing is preferably lined with a xed sleeve 23 fitted'V thereinto, and in which is tted theV inner sleevel 24. At its inner extremity, the sleeve 24 terminates in a pair of integral, comparatively thin but wide flanges 25 and 26, arranged preferablyA at right angles to each other and suitably secured 55.

to the vinner face of the sash 11 by suitable means such as the screws 27, or bolts or rivets.

The inner sleeve is provided with a projection 28 against which one end of the spring 14 abuts, the other end of said spring resting against the shoulder 29, formed at the `iuncture of the re- `duced end 15 of the bolt with the remainder of the bolt. Said bolt is rotatably and also longitudinally movable in the sleeve 24. The locking ball 30 and the guide pin 32 are maintained in place in the openings 36 and 31 of the sleeve 24 by means of the outer sleeve 23, which also conceals them. After the bolt has been moved into locking position, its movement out of its extended position is normally prevented by means of a suitable releasable locking member, comprising the locking ball 3() which, at this time, rests partly in the short circumferential groove 34 made in the bolt, and partly in the radial opening 36 of the sleeve 24 (Fig. 4). However, after the ball has been raised out ofthe bolt groove 34 and moved upwardly and outwardly into `the opening V36, by means of a suitable key inserted in the bolt grooves in a manner which will be later explained, then the bolt may be retracted, the ball, during the retractive movement, remaining out of the groove 34 ,and riding on an unmutilated portion of the cylindrical surface of the bolt.

The depth of the ygroove 34 is made preferably slightly greater than half the diameter of the ball to prevent the latter` from tending to-rise out of the groove when not actuated: by the key. The thickness of the sleeve 24, however, 'is made substantially vequal to or slightly greater than the diameter of the ball to permit the ball to leave the groove and to ride on the bolt when the turning of the bolt by the key is begun. The ball, further, in the normal or retracted position of the bolt, that is, when the lock is unlocked (Figs. 3 and 5) is entirely out of the groove 34 and in the opening 36 and rests on the bolt surface, Abut when the bolt has been turned oradvanced suiiiciently to its extended position, (Figs. 2 and `4), then the ball rests partly in the groove34. i

An opening 3l, spaced preferably forwardly and circumferentially from the opening 36, is also provided in the sleeve 24 for the reception of the cbstructing pin 32. The lower end of said pin operates at all times in the L-shaped bolt groove 35, and at no time leaves said groove. In the retracted position of the bolt, the pin engagesv the rounded end 37 of the longitudinal portion 47 of the groove 35, and limits the., distance through which the bolt may be retracted. In the extended position of the bolt, the pin engages the left wall 38 of the circumferential portion of the groove 35 and limits the distance to which the bolt can extend. In this position, the bolt cannot be rotated in a clockwise direction due to the engagement of the pin with said groove wall 38. While I have illustrated the grooves 34 and 35 communicating with each other, it will be understood that said grooves may be separated to any desired extent. However, I prefer to make the pin groove=35 slightly deeper than the ball groove 34, to provide an obstructing wall 39 between the grooves for a purpose to be later described.

In addition -to the grooves 34 and 35, the bolt 13 is provided preferably, with a pair of longitudinal grooves 40 and 41, preferably of different grooves 40 and 4l into which said arms are respectively intended to fit, it will be obvious that a considerable variety of keys and locks of the general type just described may be made. In the arm 43, I prefer to form an edge recess as 45, designed to register with the circumferential part of the groove 35 and thereby to permit passage of the bolt across the pin when the bolt is rotated in either direction. A beveled portion 46, adapted to register with the ball groove 34, is also provided on thearm 43 of the key.

It will be seen that when the bolt is in its extended or locked position, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4, the ball 30 has dropped partly out of the opening 36, Yand into the left end of the ball groove 34. The pin 32, at this time, is in engagement with the wall 38 of the groove 35, as has been hereinbefore explained. In this position of the lock, rotation of the bolt in a counter-clockwise direction, without the use of the key, is limited to the length of the groove'34, and such rotation can cause no retraction of the bolt. Clockwiserotation of the bolt is prevented since the ball and pin are respectively in engagement with the lef-t hand ends of their respective grooves.

When thekey 4271s now inserted in its proper position in the bolt, counter-clockwise rotationl of the bolt causes the ball'30 to engage the beveled portion of the key 42, while at the same time, the

recess 45 ofthe key registering as it does with the groove 35, permits the pin 32 tomove in and relatively to said groove 35. As the ball touches the inclined or beveled portion 46 of the key, it is forced upwardly into the opening 36 of the sleeve, and into the position shown in Fig. 5. counter-clockwise rotation is continued, .the pin 32 reaches the limit of the circumferential portion of the groove 35 and enters the groove portion 47,the ball'at this time riding up on the unmutilated surface portion of the bolt between the grooves 47 and 40. The ball beingnow out of the groove 34,1and the, pin being out of the circumferential portion of the groove 35, the spring 14 now becomes effective to move the bolt into its retracted position and out of the sockets 16 or openings 19, the pin at this time remaining in the groove portion 47 vand the ball riding on an elemental line of the bolt surface.

The amount of the-retractive movement of the bolt, as has been previously indicated, is limited by the length of the longitudinal portion 47 of the groove 35. When the pin 32 reaches the outer end of said portion 47, the bolt is entirely retracted and further retractive movement thereof is prevented. V

It will be understood that in the retracted position of the bolt (Figs. 3 and 5), the ball has been raised out of the groove 34 into the opening 36 of the sleeve and cannot have any effect on the movement of the bolt. The pin 32, however, is at the outer end of the grooved portion 47 and prevents further retraction of the bolt and also prevents rotation thereof in either direction.

'Io move the bolt into its extended or locking position, the key is inserted in the position shown in Fig. 3 and the. bolt pushed outwardly as far as it will go.

During this movement, the pin travels in the groove portion 47 to the inner end thereof, and the ball continues to ride along an element of the bolt surface but not far enough to enter the groove 35. When the bolt is then turned in a clockwise direction by means of the key, the ball drops into the groove 34 while the pin rides in the circumferential portion of the groove -35 and As the I into engagement with the wall 38. In this position, as has been previously explained, limited counter-clockwise rotation of the bolt is possible but no longitudinal movement thereof is possible, and the lock is locked. Y

Y*As will be seen,rparticularly, from Figs. 4 and 5, the'pin 32 serves the function of obstructing access to the ball 36 by one attempting to pick the lock, that is, to raise the ball, and thereby to permit an operative counter-clockwise rotation of the bolt. The groove cannot be turned into a position wherein the pin does not obstruct or partly obstruct said groove. insert a wire or the like into the groove 40 will be prevented from reaching the ball by means of said wire since the end of the wire is obstructed by the pin. Furthermore, if, in some manner, the wire is forced past the pin, the wall or shoule der 39 between the grooves 34and 35 prevents the wire from being inserted underneath the ball and thereby prevents raising of the ball.

It will be understood that a considerable num-` ber of locks and corresponding keys'rnay be made, based on the structure above described. Variations are possible, as has been indicated, in'the length, depth and width of each of the slots 40 and 4l, permitting a considerable number of different combinations. Variations are also possible in the spacing oi Lthe grooves 34 and 35 as well as-in their circumferential extent and-consequently, in the spacing of the recess from the bevelled portion 46.

.As indicated in Fig; 2, it will be seen that in the extended position of the bolt, the front face .thereof is fiush or substantially flush with the arms 25 and 26 of the sleeve 24, and that in the retracted position of the bolt, the outer end thereof is flush or substantially ush with the outer end of the sleeve and the outer face of the sash 11.

Referring now to Fig. '7, I have there shown a slightly modied form of the bolt whereby the bolt may be manipulated from its unlocked into its locking position without the use of a key. In this form oi my invention, the ball groove is shortened as is the circumferential portion 51 of the pin groove. The longitudinal portion 4'? of the pin groove, previously described, is replaced by the cam groove 52 of preferably helical shape. The wall 53 of said groove 52 terminates as at 54 slightlyvforwardly of the inner wall 55 of thek roove 51.

In this form of my invention, when the bolt 56 is in its retracted position, thepin 32,engages the outer end of the groove 52, and the ball rests on that portion 58 of the bolt between the slot 40.

and said groove 52. In this position of the bolt, it may be moved outwardly into its locked position by merely exerting a'longitudinal outwardV force thereon. Pushing the bolt outwardly,rcauses the pin to ride in the groove 52 and by its engagement with the helical wall 53, further causes rotation of the bolt until the terminal point 54 of the wall 53 is reached, at which timethe pin is free to drop into the portion51 of the groove andV One attempting to` groove 50 at the beginning of such rotation while at the same time, the pin 32 moves out of the groove`51 and engages the point 54 of the helical wall 53, whereby further'rotation of the bolt by means, of vthe key causes thebolt simultaneously to rotate and to retractgthe pin travelling in the groove 52 and /theball'riding on the portion58' of the bolt surface. The longitudinal retractive movement of the bolt is aided by the spring 14 in substantially thev same manner previously def Vscribed in vconnectionrwith the bolt 13.v`

In that Vform of my invention shown in Fig- 8, I have Vprovided means for urging the sashes apart and thereby to bind said sashes against the walls ofthe groovesin the window frame in which they slide. For this purpose, the outer end 60 of the bolt 61 is reduced in diameter to a greater extent than the reduced portion 62 thereof.V The'coil spring 63 abuts at kone end against the shoulder 64V between the portions 60 and 62, while at its other end, said spring abuts against a suitablev washer 65 loosely mounted on'the portion 60..V A t its extreme end, said portion 60 is upset or. spread as at 66, to prevent the washer 65 from falling oif the bolt. It will be understood that Yao the greatest outermost diameter Yof the spring 63 is equal to or less than the diameter of the portion 62 of the bolt, so that the entire bolt together.

with the spring 63 may be withdrawn into the interior of the sleeve 24, when desired.

When the bolt 61 is retracted, the inner end of the'spring 63 is retracted together with the shoulder 64 and the portion 60, which moves at this time through the washer 65. The washer, at this time, is nevertheless Vmaintained in contact with the inner surface of the sash 10 by means of said spring. When, however, the `upset portion 66 reaches the washer 65, further retraction of the bolt also retracts the washer until said Washer is drawn against the outer surface 67 of the sash 11. In that position, the spring 63 is in the interior of the sleeve 24 and is out of the path of movement of the sashes.

In the locked position of the bolt, however, the

spring 63, by its pressure upon the washer and` therethrough upon the sash 10, forces the sashes 10 and 11 apart and binds said sashes in the grooves ofthe window frame in which the sashes slide. It thereby becomes diicult, if not impossible, to move either of the sashes with respect to the other or to move both sashes as a unit in either direction.

It will be seen that I have provided simple and eiiicient means designed to be unlocked only by the proper key iitted thereto, for locking window sashes together and against movement in the window4 frame. By this means, the user may obtain ventilation at the top or bottom of the window, as desired, without danger of the sash being further opened to permit entrance of an intruderthrough the thus enlarged opening of the window. It will further be seen that the-lower sash may be raised the desired amount and locked to the upper sash, orthat the upper sash may be lowered the desired amount and locked to the lower sash, or further, thatboth the upper and the lower sashes may be moved, respectively, down and up and then locked together to permit thedesired amount of ventilation'at both the top Cil understood that I do not desire .to limitmyselfv thereto-but intend to claim my invention as broadly as may be permitted by the state of the prior art andthe scope of the .appended claims.

I claim: n

l. In a window loch adapted to be passed throughan'opening in one ofthe window sashes and to enter an opening in therother of the window sashes to lool: the *sashes together, `a bolt having a longitudinal groove, a sleevehaving a pincooperatingvn" i groove and supporting 'the bolt. for roto on and axial movement, keyreleasable locking'nieans cooperating .with the sleeve and the bolt to lock the bolt, and an outer sleevearranged exteriorly of the first-mentioned sleeve to retain thevreleasa'ble locking means in position, and to conceal the same.

'2. In'v a `lock. for a double hung window provided with a movable upper -sash and a lower sash, key-operated means for locking said sashes together comprising a rotatable and axially movable Ybolt having aplurality of grooves, oneV of said grooves being L-shaped, and another'being` arranged transversely of lthe bolt and of less depth than the L-shaped groove and communicating therewith, means, including a pin and ball` securable to the sash for supporting and locking the bolt, the pin being' inserted in the L-shaped groove, `and ineens adapted to be secured in an opening through, and concealed in the sash for embracing andl holding the supporting means` 3. In a window llock for a lwindow having anY upper anda lower sash, a bolt,` rotatable by a key tted'thereto and having a pair of grooves therein, and adapted to pass tirough the lower sash and into the upper sash, a lined sleeve for rotatably and slidably supporting thebolt and having a pair oi longitudinally and transversely spaced openings therein, a locking member in one ofthe openings entering one of the bolt grooves and adapted to be Withdrawn therefrom by said key to permit rotation of the bolt, and a radial obstructing member in the other opening and entering the other bolt groove to guide the bolt inv its longitudinal movement in the sleeve and yto obstruct access to the locking member, said obstructing member being of suilcie'nt length to have `a portion thereof extend in front of the locking member.

4. The combination with a lower window sash having a corner opening therethrough, of an outer sleeve insert'edinto said opening and concealed v therein, an inner f sleeve inserted into the outer sleeve and having a pair of spaced radial openings therein, a revoluble bolt projecting through the inner sleeve and beyond the sash opening and having pair of spaced grooves therein, a ball in one ofthe radial openings adapted to enter one of the grooves, ar pin in the other opening entering the other groove, said pin and ball being retained in place by the outer sleeve, anda spring urging the bolt toward its retracted position in the inner sleeve, said ball being adapted tolbe raised out of its bolt groove when the bolt is to be moved into extended position by a suitable tted key.

5. In a Vlocla'` for a window having an upper and a lower sash, a grooved cylindricaLspringretracted bolt adapted to pass through one of the sashes, and extend into the other sash to lock the sashes together, a sleeve having an opening therein and Vin contact. Wit-h the cylindrical surface of the bolt and rotatably and slidably supporting the bolt, and a key releasable locking member including a ball in said opening and entering a groove of the bolt for preventing unlocking of the bolt from its locking position until the/member is rst disengaged from the groove. l V6. In a lock for a window having an upper and a lower sash, `a rotatable and axially movable boltV having a relatively short circumferential groove therein, and having a second groove therein provided with a circumferentially arranged portion and a longitudinally arranged portion, means carried by one of the sashes for supportingthe bolt, and key-operated means arranged in the supporting means and entering the grooves in the bolt for controlling the movement and the position of said bolt whereby the bolt may be extended-into the other sash and retracted therefrom under the action of a suitable key, and the sashes locked'together in various positions.

:7. In a lock for a window provided with movable Vsashes, a rotatable and axially movable cylindrical spring-retracted bolt having grooves therein, and provided withv a pair of diametrically opposed key-receiving slots, a sleeve in contact with the entire cylindricalsurace of the bolt for rotatably supporting the bolt having longitudinally transversely spaced radial openings "therein, a ball in one of the openings adapted to enter of the grooves, and a member in the other opening adapted to enter the other groove for obstructing access tothe ball and for guiding the bolt.

V8. In a window lock, a rotatably and axially movable bolt having a pair of grooves thereimone of the grooves being arranged'circuinferentially of the' bolt, the other groove having a circumferentialiy arranged portion and the remaining portion arranged longitudinally of the bolt, means for supporting the bolt, key-releasable means cooperatingwith one o1" the grooves and the supporting means to lock the bolt, and a pin in the other groove to control the movement of the bolt, to limit its axial positions and to obstruct access tothe key-releasable means.

9. In a window lock for a double hung window, having a lower and an upper sash, a rotatable spring-retracted bolt adapted to pass through one and to extend into the other to lock the sashes together, means for supporting the bolt, means including a ball cooperating with the supporting means and the bolt for locking the bolt, said bolt having an L--shaped groove therein and a second transverse groove therein into which the ball lis adapted to enter, and means including a pin adapted to enter the L-shaped groove for controlling and limiting the movement of the bolt.

it). In a lock for a double hung window providedvvith an upper sash and a lower sash, a sleeve adapted to be secured in an opening in one of the sashes, and havingra radial opening therein, cylindrical spring-retracted bolt slidably and rotatably supported by the sleeve and adapted to extend into the other sash to lock the sashes together,said bolt having a transverse groove therein'and means including a ball in the opening of the sleeve cooperating with the bolt and entering the groove to lock the bolt, said ball riding on the cylindrical surface of the bolt when out of the groove. Y

11. A lock including a sleeve having an opening, a bolt having a plurality of longitudinal and a plurality of transverse grooves in the surface thereof, a ball entering one of said transverse grooves and said sleeve opening, and guide means held by said sleeve and entering another of said transverse grooves and one of said longitudinal grooves, said guide means being arranged in front of said ball and obstructing access to said ball, said ball being controllable by key means inserted in said longitudinal grooves whereby said bolt may be retracted for unlocking said lock.V

12. -In a window lock, a cylindrical springretracted bolt adapted to pass through and to be substantially concealed in one of the sashes of the window, said bolthaving a pair of diametrically opposed longitudinal key slots therein differing in length, said bolt also having a longitudinal pin groove between said slots terminating at one end in a transverse groove crossing one of the key slots, and said bolt having a ball groove of less depth than the pin groove, a sleeve engaging the surface of the bolt and adapted to be concealed in said one of the sashes for slidably and rotatably supporting the bolt, a locking member including a ball supported in an opening of and concealed by said sleeve and adapted to enter the ball groove for preventing unlocking movement of the bolt until said member is first lifted out of the groove by a removable fitted key, and a pin carried by the sleeve and entering the pin groove.

13. In a lock for the slidable upper and lower sashes of a window, substantially concealed means for locking said sashes together comprising a sleeve adapted to be fitted into the lower sash, a second sleeve tted into the first-mentioned sleeve and having a pair of openings therein, a flange extending laterally from the inner end of the inner sleeve and securable to the lower sash, a

spring-retracted slotted bolt arranged in thev inner sleeve, and means arranged in said openings and coniined therein by the outer sleeveand cooperating with the bolt and the inner sleeve for controlling the movement of the bolt and for it is adapted to enter the upper sash.

HERMAN KAUFMAN. 

